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Printed circuit boards are composed of various components. During the PCB assembly process, components are strategically placed on the board ready for the soldering process. Depending on the project requirements, the components may vary for each PCB. Another common and important component of a printed circuit board assembly is the resistor. Resistors control and prevent current from flowing through the circuit. They do this to generate voltage and to dissipate electrical energy as heat. You can find a variety of resistors made of different materials and with different resistance values. All resistors are color coded to identify the resistance value.
PCB assembly is the process of assembling all electronic components such as resistors, transistors, diodes, etc. onto a printed circuit board, and the assembly method can be manual or mechanical. People often confuse PCB assembly with PCB manufacturing, which involves completely different processes. As for PCB manufacturing, it involves a very wide range of processes, including design and prototyping, while PCB assembly is started after PCB manufacturing, and it is all about component placement.
Advances in electronics technology have brought more possibilities for PCB assembly. Now there are three commonly used assembly technologies, one is SMT (Surface Mount Technology), the second is THT (Thru-Hole Technology), and the third is a combination of the first two.
Surface Mount Technology: smt pcb assembly is mainly to assemble surface mount devices (SMD) by soldering them on the PCB. Since the standard packages of SMD components are small, the entire process must be carefully controlled to ensure high precision and proper temperature of the solder joints. Fortunately, SMT is a fully automated assembly technology that automatically picks up individual components and places them on the PCB with extreme precision.
Through-Hole Technology: through hole pcb assembly is a more traditional PCB assembly technique in which installers insert electronic components such as capacitors, coils, and large resistors and inductors through holes into the board. Compared to SMT, through-hole mounting allows for the assembly of large-sized components and provides stronger mechanical bonding, as well as being more suitable for testing and prototyping.
Hybrid PCB assembly technology: Electronic products tend to be designed to be smaller and more functional, thus placing higher demands on PCB assembly. People need to assemble highly complex circuits in a limited space, using only SMD or PTH is difficult to achieve the desired results, we need to combine SMT and THT technology. When using hybrid PCB assembly techniques, proper adjustments must be made to simplify soldering and assembly.
